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Which of the following best defines limited jurisdiction?

  1. Authority to handle all types of cases without restrictions

  2. Power over cases but with specific limitations

  3. Completely federal authority over state matters

  4. Exclusively for civil cases

The correct answer is: Power over cases but with specific limitations

Limited jurisdiction refers to a court's authority to hear only specific types of cases or matters, meaning it operates within defined restrictions regarding the subject matter and the types of claims it can adjudicate. This designation contrasts with general jurisdiction courts, which can hear a wider array of cases. The defining characteristic of limited jurisdiction is that the court can only operate within the boundaries set by law, often dealing with certain classifications such as family law, traffic violations, or small claims. This understanding clarifies why the correct answer highlights the power over cases but with specific limitations, as it captures the essence of limited jurisdiction effectively. The other options do not accurately describe this concept; for example, complete authority without restrictions is indicative of general jurisdiction, while federal authority over state matters mischaracterizes the autonomy typically maintained in state jurisdictions. Exclusive focus on civil cases also does not hold, as limited jurisdiction can apply to specific criminal cases in certain courts as well.